Security in Healthcare: How Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) violates Healt

Bring Your Own Device insurance policy (BYOD) in health care organizations is a growing trend that shows a considerably positive effect that few people could notice any violations that may accompany it. The policy allows staff in an organization to carry their in-person electronic devices like mobile phones, computers, and laptops to facilitate their work by helping store and access certain reading (Herzig 20). Health Insurance Portability and Accountability tour (HIPAA) was enacted in 1996. It entails security and privacy regulations constructed to ensure good security measures are applied to protect tolerant information in health facilities, especially where BYOD policy is active. The policies provided in HIPAA also ensure that only authorized people access information stored in the devices used by health providers (Powell 1-2).HIPAA security regulations offer standards for ensuring that patient data on electronic devices are safeguarded. HIPAA cover how we can use and disclo se patient information while the HIPAA privacy policies explain how patient information should be accessed and disclosed. Schneider (55) reviews that violation of HIPAA security and privacy laws studyly entail the attainment, retrieving and using medical information by a person who is not subject to the health data or is not permitted to offer medical services.How BYOD can violate HIPAA security/privacy lawsLack of ConfidentialityBYOD policy may not promote confidentiality and integrity, which is a major requirement in the HIPAA regulations (Health Information Privacy). Health providers should come up with strategies to follow up on and protect information they have concerning their client. 5111 Physical Security insurance policy ensures that the security of the devices used by ... ...Security in Healthcare Building a Security Program. Chicago, IL HIMSS, 2013. Print.HIPAA. Minneapolis, MN Minnesota Institute of Legal Education, 2003. Print.Liu, Yu. PACS and Digital medicine Esse ntial Principles and Modern Practice. Boca Raton, FL CRC Press, 2011. 11. PrintPowell, Suzanne. HIPAA. Lippincotts Case Management 8.1 (2003) 1-2.Roberts, Albert. Do BYOD Programs Encourage Bullying. Edutopia. 24 May 2013. Web. 12 Nov. 2013. .Schneider, Mary Ellen. HIPAA privacy enforcement. (Policy & Practice). OB GYN News 2003 55.Widmer, Lori. HIPAA sarcastic since the passage of the Health Information Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, companies have been working toward compliance. Yet are risk managers ready? (Liability).Risk & Insurance 1 Aug. 2003 35.

The Psychology of The Gambler Essay -- Fyodor Dostoyevsky The Gambler

The Psychology of The Gambler In Fyodor Dostoyevskys The Gambler, we are presented with a novel whose protagonist is what we would call today a business gambler. The gambling mania of the storys hero, Alexei Ivanovitch, is a mirror of Dostoyevskys own gambling compulsion. The heroine, Polina Alexandrovna, represents a woman Dostoyevsky had as a real lover. Polina is the stepdaughter of the prevalent, who Alexei works for as a servant. The General shows paranoia over gambling from the outset of the story. He censures Alexei with respect to his care of the children, I suppose you would like to take them to the Casino to play roulette? Well, excuse my public speaking so plainly, but I know how addicted you are to gambling. Though I am not your mentor, nor wish to be, at least I fork up a right to require that you shall not actually compromise me (Dostoyevsky 1-2). The theme of gambling and its psychological impact on the characters pervades The Gambler. Because of his own gambling addiction and his informal knowledge of the class-conscious casino society of his era, Dostoyevsky does an excellent job of showing the psychology that compels the problem gambler. BODY Using diary entries as his literary vehicle, Dostoyevsky takes us inside the minds of his characters in a way that makes us voyeurs because of his realistic portrayal and honest disclosure of human emotion and sentiments. The story revolves around Roulettenberg, a German spa town where the rich gamble. We get the inner life of Alexei as it is portrayed in his diaries. He is poor but educated, and he is very conscious(predicate) of his class in society. He is conflicted, however, because he both covets and ridicules the lifestyle of the aristocracy with all its pretensi... ...ostoyevsky 70). Thus, Dostoyevsky does an excellent job at showing how individual consciousness and the environs in which it develops both lead to problem gambling. WORKS CITED Anonymous. Easy come, easy go...Maybe. The Wager . Vol. 5, No. 43, Harvard Medical School, Nov 1, 2000 1-3. Dostoyevsky, F. The Gambler, (1866). Trans. By C. J. Hogarth. Project Gutenberg. Jun 30, 2000 1-101. McKay, C. The Gambler, (Review). eGambling. Available http//www.camh.net/egambling/issue6/review, 1-5. Note All numbers racket, symbols, letters, etc. found within parenthesis are actual page numbers from the hard copy of the source. Numbers following are the electronic page numbers from that source as it prints from the World Wide Web (WWW) If there are no page numbers in parenthesis then only electronic page numbers are available at the Internet site.

The Earth is surrounded by a covering of air which we call the atmosphe

The Atmosphere The Earth is surrounded by a covering of air which we call the ambience. It reaches over 384 miles from the surface of the earth, so we can only see what occurs in the troposphere and the tropopause. Nitrogen 78% Oxygen 21% Argon 1% Carbon Dioxide 0.035% Other 0.00253% The above information highlights what the atmosphere is composed of. It is clearly visible that Nitrogen is the dominant gas as over three quarters of the atmosphere is made up of this. It is very aureate that Nitrogen is not a very reactive gas because if it were not, that atmosphere would be far less stable and extremely dangerous. The pie chart refers to the atmosphere nowadays but it was not always made up of these percentages. It seems that carbon dioxide levels have raised a lot and these rises may be down to many causes such as the industrial revolution and constant deforestation. Natural functions of the atmosphere The atmosphere is vital for life an d acts as a life support system to al...

Sapir-Worf Hypothesis: Linguistic Determinism and Linguistic Relativit

Sapir-Worf Hypothesis Linguistic Determinism and Linguistic RelativityThe romantic noble-mindedness of the late eighteenth century, as encountered in the views of Johann herder (1744-1803) and Wilhelm von Humboldt (I 762-1835), placed great value on the diversity of the pieces mother tongue communications and cultures. The tradition was taken up by the American linguist and anthropologist Edward Sapir (1884-1939) and his pupil genus Benzoin Lee Whorf (1897-1941), and resulted in a view ab out(a) the relation between language and thought which was astray influential in the middle decades of this century. The Sapir-Whorf venture, as it came to be called, combines two principles. The first is known as linguistic determinism it states that language insures the way we think. The second follows from this, and is known as linguistic relativity it states that the distinctions encoded in one language are not found in any other language. In a much- quoted paragraph, Whorf propounds th e view as followsWe dissect nature along lines laid crush by our native languages. The categories and types that we isolate from the world of phenomena we do not find there because they stare each observer in the face on the contrary, the world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be complotd by our minds--and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds. We cut nature up, organize it into concepts, and ascribe significances as we do, largely because we are parties to an agreement to organize it in this way-an agreement that holds throughout our speech community and is codified in the patterns of our language. The agreement is, of course, an implicit in(predicate) and unstated one, but its terms are absolutely obligatory we cannot talk at all ... ...version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis is generally accepted. speech may not determine the way we think, but it does influence the way we perceive and remember, and it affects the ease with w hich we perform mental tasks. Several experiments comport shown that people recall things more easily if the things present to readily available words or phrases. And people certainly find it easier to make a conceptual distinction if it neatly corresponds to words available in their language. Some salvation for the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis can therefore be found in these studies, which are carried out within the developing field of psycholinguistics.Works CitedCrystal, David. Language and Thought. in Language Readings in Language and Culture, Sixth Edition. Clark, Virgina P., Eschholtz, Pual A., Rosa, Alfred F., editors. St. Matins Press. New York. 1998. p. 631-32 Sapir-Worf Hypothesis Linguistic Determinism and Linguistic RelativitSapir-Worf Hypothesis Linguistic Determinism and Linguistic RelativityThe romantic idealism of the late eighteenth century, as encountered in the views of Johann Herder (1744-1803) and Wilhelm von Humboldt (I 762-1835), placed great valu e on the diversity of the worlds languages and cultures. The tradition was taken up by the American linguist and anthropologist Edward Sapir (1884-1939) and his pupil Benjamin Lee Whorf (1897-1941), and resulted in a view about the relation between language and thought which was widely influential in the middle decades of this century. The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, as it came to be called, combines two principles. The first is known as linguistic determinism it states that language determines the way we think. The second follows from this, and is known as linguistic relativity it states that the distinctions encoded in one language are not found in any other language. In a much- quoted paragraph, Whorf propounds the view as followsWe dissect nature along lines laid down by our native languages. The categories and types that we isolate from the world of phenomena we do not find there because they stare every observer in the face on the contrary, the world is presented in a kaleidoscopi c flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds--and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds. We cut nature up, organize it into concepts, and ascribe significances as we do, largely because we are parties to an agreement to organize it in this way-an agreement that holds throughout our speech community and is codified in the patterns of our language. The agreement is, of course, an implicit and unstated one, but its terms are absolutely obligatory we cannot talk at all ... ...version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis is generally accepted. Language may not determine the way we think, but it does influence the way we perceive and remember, and it affects the ease with which we perform mental tasks. Several experiments have shown that people recall things more easily if the things correspond to readily available words or phrases. And people certainly find it easier to make a conceptual distinction if it neatly corresponds to words available in their langua ge. Some salvation for the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis can therefore be found in these studies, which are carried out within the developing field of psycholinguistics.Works CitedCrystal, David. Language and Thought. in Language Readings in Language and Culture, Sixth Edition. Clark, Virgina P., Eschholtz, Pual A., Rosa, Alfred F., editors. St. Matins Press. New York. 1998. p. 631-32

The Politics of Humor :: essays research papers fc

THE POLITICS OF COMEDYIs this thing on?In efforts to promote voter education, laughter is perhaps the best strategery.Comedy and tragedy turn off one in the same, as the saying goes. The variability of the twosome, however, substantiates rather inconsistently in politics, an arena overflowing with participants who take themselves too seriously. And where a potential prognosis attempts to utilize comic relief, one often discovers the result to be rather tragic.In lieu of the consequences politicians may endure with the mere utterance of a light joke, most tend to stray from the possibility of Meet the Press turned comedy hour. Especially when their reputations are at stake politicians are well aware, fit to Mark Katz, humorist and speechwriter for Bill Clinton, that a good joke leave alone last about a week, whereas a bad joke will be reprinted in you obituary. Perhaps responsibility lies within the confines of a narrow-minded media, exhibited as a threat to be avoided rather th an a weapon to be implemented. But certainly with just ca lend oneself the news media are poorly suited to their role as the principal intermediary between candidates and voters, root in the conception of politics as game and a business rather than a struggle over national policy. The aforementioned incidents occur frequently, to a greater extentover not absolutely, should candidates appropriately utilize humor. The war on terror provides unavoidable roadblocks on an already-tumultuous campaign trail, and even primitive technology such as tv suffices in establishing the general 9/11 fear climate. The presumption of a candidates entrepreneurial priorities over his public relationship undermines the use of humor as the candidates ultimate weapon. The primarily noticeable aspect of political campaign humor pertains to its absence. Undoubtedly humor is used more sparingly than songs in political commercials the commodity appears even more so in the early campaign efforts of the mid- nineteenth century than recent endeavors. Humors speciality originates from its multilevel success in the campaigning process. Involuntarily proliferated by an ever-expanding press, the ideal candidate would employ comedy because of its effervescent facility of concurrent humanization and advertisement. merely humorous politicians formulate an equally comical and less aggressive response within the entertainment realm, successfully intertwining the sphere of pop culture with the relatively solid territory of political science. The general consensus regarding the benefits of humor relates to its malleability it can be employed to attack the opposition, or it can serve to enhance a campaign. season it can be argued that humor refers to a conscious campaign maneuver on the part of its source, as a tool it only succeeds with regard to the various(prenominal) candidate.

The Politics of Humor :: essays research papers fc

THE POLITICS OF COMEDYIs this thing on?In efforts to promote voter education, laughter is perhaps the best strategery.Comedy and tragedy prove one in the same, as the saying goes. The variability of the twosome, however, substantiates rather inconsistently in politics, an cranial orbit overflowing with disassociateicipants who take themselves too seriously. And where a potential view attempts to utilize comic relief, one often discovers the result to be rather tragic.In spot of the consequences politicians may endure with the mere utterance of a poor joke, most tend to stray from the possibility of Meet the Press turned comedy hour. especially when their reputations are at stake politicians are well aware, according to Mark Katz, humorist and speechwriter for Bill Clinton, that a good joke will last about a week, whereas a bad joke will be reprinted in you obituary. Perhaps responsibility lies within the confines of a narrow-minded media, exhibited as a threat to be avoided rat her than a tool to be implemented. But certainly with just cause the news media are poorly fit to their role as the principal intermediary between candidates and voters, rooted in the conception of politics as game and a business rather than a struggle over national policy. The aforementioned incidents occur frequently, but not absolutely, should candidates appropriately utilize humor. The war on terror provides unavoidable roadblocks on an already-tumultuous melt trail, and even primitive technology such as television suffices in establishing the general 9/11 fear climate. The presumption of a candidates entrepreneurial priorities over his public relationship undermines the use of humor as the candidates ultimate weapon. The primarily noticeable aspect of governmental campaign humor pertains to its absence. Undoubtedly humor is used more sparingly than songs in political commercials the commodity appears even more so in the wee campaign efforts of the mid-nineteenth century th an recent endeavors. Humors effectiveness originates from its multilevel success in the campaigning process. Involuntarily proliferated by an ever-expanding press, the ideal candidate would apply comedy because of its effervescent facility of concurrent humanization and advertisement. Moreover humorous politicians formulate an equally comical and less aggressive response within the merriment realm, successfully intertwining the sphere of pop culture with the relatively unscathed territory of political science. The general consensus regarding the benefits of humor relates to its malleability it can be employed to set upon the opposition, or it can serve to enhance a campaign. While it can be argued that humor refers to a conscious campaign maneuver on the part of its source, as a tool it only succeeds with regard to the respective candidate.

Pushed Out and Forgotten †The Batwa Essay

Born in the United States, I grew up believing that the children who tolerated next door or the boy who sat across from me in class had it every. Even as an adult, there are bits of me that occasionally envy the family with the perceived perfect life church every Sunday, home office with a big window, stain- slight carpets, and children with perfect hair. But, I know better. Life in the United States is something I take for granted. I knew this and needed to cue myself just how truly grateful I should be for the life I get in the great states. How do I do this? What do I need to regulate in order to really understand life turn upside America? I needed to leave my country and visit a place that has many struggles where people snuff it humbly. What I didnt realize was that I would leave the country I chose to visit, wanting to go back and get along a difference.Rwanda is rich with many things culture, diversity, and bring down. Rwanda has also perfected the art of discrimina tion. When my plane landed, I could not have grabbed my luggage and left the airport more than quickly. I was excited for what the change in culture would bring me. What I would take home to teach my own family and friends. Some were excited to see me and others were less than thrill to see me traipsing my way through their lands. I did what I could to respect the people and their cultures, as I did my research before coming to Rwanda. The population there is do up of mostly Hutu traditional farmers. The peace of mind of the population, mostly consist of Tutsi (or warrior people) and the Batwa. Though I would have enjoyed getting to know all the different people and ethnicities of Rwanda, I spent most of my time with the Batwa (Whitelaw, 2007).The history of the Batwa is something that I came to hold close while traveling with some who are conflicted with the fear of the past and the uncertainty of their future. The Batwa were former Central Africa residentswho lived their lives hunting and gathering in the rain forests. Though the lives they lived were not ideal for all, they were happy. But as time went, so was the expectation that they left their homes in order for the rainforest to be used for forestry and conservation. You may say, So, were they compensated for the land they had to give up? Well, no. The Batwa were physically removed from their homes and their land and were never wedded a red cent to live elsewhere. Kicked out of home, with no money, no good explanation, and expected to build a life in an area strange to most.The Batwa had no idea what this was going to do to their lives. They knew they did not want to leave but because of their nave understanding of the modern world, they would face some struggle ahead. This was a disaster in the making. It didnt help that many of people, already living in the areas the Batwa were forced to move, did not accept them as people. They were and continue to be discriminated against. The Batwa live in po verty in what is supposed to be a more modern society than what they were founded on.Yet, the population continues to deteriorate. How is this possible? It is possible because they have no land to live on, they eat the farming scraps left after a harvest, they are shunned from the education system because of illiteracy and a privation of money, they are allowed to right to vote but not allowed to be part of government, and they find it almost impossible to find a job that can support their needs because of discrimination and lack of education (New African, 2010).The Batwas situation sounded eerily familiar to me. I equated their situation to the Native Americans situation when the Europeans came to America. Pushed out of their land and forced to live a different way of life in a place that was approved by the rest of the people. I can imagine that the way the Batwa live is similar to the way the Native Americans are forced to live. The difference is that the Native Americans feel forced by lack of education of the rest of Americans, where the Batwas are forced because they are still not accepted in todays Rwandan society. Another big difference I see is that the Batwa are a part of Africa and are being discriminated by their people. Yes, they are a different ethnicity and would live their lives differently, if not forced into another. But, they are still from the equal country. After drawing time with thisamazing group of people, I have realized that I could not accurately explain the difference between ethnicity and race.six months ago, I lumped those two terms together. Though they have similarities, they are different. I am a Caucasian, but that doesnt mean it is easy to assume my ethnicity. My great friend is Caucasian, but that doesnt mean her and I have the same ethnicity. I was born and raised in a small town out of Minnesota and she was raised in Ireland. The two terms are different. Her family traditions around the holidays are different than mine . Really understanding the differences between race in Rwanda and their ethnicities was definitive when trying to understand why there is and was so much discrimination. Though the race may be nearly the same, each group of people lived on the whole different lives. The Batwas lived in a rainforest and Hutus ran farms in a more modern lifestyle.Even the way each culture enjoys leap is either accepted or it is not. The Batwa were forced to study Christianity, eat the foods of the modern people, and even had to learn how to wear clothing differently. The way the Batwa chose to live their lives in the rainforest would not be acceptable in the eyes of the rest of Rwanda. Ethnicity and race are different and this is why discrimination exists in Rwanda (New African, 2012). * Learning the history of how the Batwa live, by choice or not, begged the question, what has this done to them as a people? The discrimination of the Batwa and other small groups of people, have made it difficult fo r them to thrive much less survive. They impact they have on the government is nil, so seeing a dramatic change through government representation is unlikely.There are groups such(prenominal) as the Organization of Rwandan Potters (COPORWA) who consider the Batwa and their situations. The Batwa are value their culture and ways of life, but have lost touch because of highly encouraged religions and lack of credenza of their culture. The Batwa do and will continue to struggle to be recognized as a minority group who needs help (Ingelaere, B., 2010). * The Batwa have lost their land, they are losing their culture, the people are not surviving, and the idea of maintaining hope is slowly slipping away. Spending time with my new found friends made me want to bring them all home with me. But, as I have learned, moving people from their homes and lives can create more problems than intended. Though, I would see to it that they were treated with the respect they deserve, it does not hold t he bigger problem.Thehuman race has much to learn about what the true meaning of love, life, and respect is. Unfortunately, discrimination and a lack of understanding is a earthy course of nature. There are some things out of our control and others in which we can only influence. If I could change anything about my visit to Rwanda, it would have been to spend more time there to understand more about why the other cultures see the Batwa the way they do. Though the discrimination against the Batwa is moving at a snails pace in the right direction, at least it is moving that way. Until then, I send my prayers and well wishes to the Batwa people. I would also challenge those of you culture my article to take some time to travel to a place similar to Rwanda to learn about another culture what it has to offer is far more than money can buy. *ReferencesBatwa A people under threat. (2010). New African, (497), 38.Ingelaere, B. (2010). Peasants, power and ethnicity A bottom-up perspective o n Rwandas political transition. African Affairs, 109(435), 273-292.Whitelaw, Kevin. (2007). Rwanda Reborn. U.S. watchword & World Report, 00415537, Vol. 142, Issue 14

A Comprehensive Time-Series Analysis Essay

The report is of importly focused on the structural time series dumbfound as it is applied as a means of portraying the structural behavior of tone indemnification choose. The study is focused on the impact of selected variables including the price level, revenue, interest rate, appargonntly perpetual joblessness and state on spirit insurance demand. Problem The importance of life insurance companies has increased significantly over the past several days.However, despite this remarkable rise, at that place is little that is known about the structural behavior of the demand for the products and services offered by life insurance companies, and what external factors drive this demand. The problem of this study aims to swindle is the behavior of life insurance demand within a period of deregulation and reform that is real within the industry, also exploring the relationship between demand and a specified set of explanatory variables over this time. FeasibilityThis project ha s the prospect of being highly feasible. Although there is very little research with regards to life insurance there are extant research conducted pertaining to life insurance and other kinds of insurance in other regions of the world (e. g. Southeast Asia) that is similar in several aspects to our study. Aside from this, the proponents of this research are leaders in the field of life insurance and as such their study is heavily grounded on years of experience and knowledge in the field.This shows the feasibility of such an endeavor. Audience The primary audience for this market study may be useful in assisting life insurance companies in the various facets that comprise their current corporate strategy for Life insurance. One of the cases that this paper can be applied is for the case of seasonal issues. Secondly, this research and similar research in this area can be of interest to other institutions that are similarly involved in life insurance.For example, it force be useful to generalize the results of the comparison of forecasting models to other categories of financial intermediaries such as banks and monetary agencies providing aid in life insurance issues. Topics to ask This report intends to examine clearly the following areas pertinent to Life Insurance Provide a very innovative perspective to the study of life insurance demand. Determine the relationship between the cyclical and trend components of demand and the specified set of economic variables affecting life insurance.Determine whether insurance demand is stochastic using an singular variation model o Determine if life insurance demand has a deterministic seasonal component attached to it existing within the first quarter of each year of the model period and a relative fall during the fourth quarter of the year. Utilize a seemingly unrelated time series model in order to test for the presence of common factors. Investigate the forecasting power of the singular variation model when it is opposed to the multivariate model that includes explanatory variables Methods/ProcedureIn an effort to provide an original perspective towards the study of life insurance demand and crucify inadequacies in previous research, this study employs the structural time series model. As opposed to traditional methods, this methodology is based on representing explicitly the components of a series. small-arm these components cannot be observed directly their usefulness can be found in an economic point of view. This paper is based on a sample of quarterly, seasonally unadjusted insurance data covering the period between the second quarter of 1980 and the fourth quarter of 2003 that results in 90 total observations.The main advantage of using quarterly data, as opposed to annual data, is that it allows us to address possible seasonal fluctuations appropriately. Qualifications/Facilities/Resources The researchers of this study are esteemed experts in the field. set out of the group hail s from a college institution under the Department of Economics and Finance. The rest are expert leaders in the field of life insurance and are employed in multinational commercial insurance companies. The group is knowledgeable in the statistical method to be used and have been involved both(prenominal) directly and indirectly in the creation of research pertinent to Life insurance.

English Negotiation

V Good afternoon Valerie Mitchell at your service E How do you do? Melanie Brantt, pleased to meet you. V As you know, the reason of our meeting concerns the movement between glisten Industries and Sweet lay out form, regarding the conflict of the brand names for the products promoted. E Yes, I birth been informed by my client, she has given me all the necessary details. V Alright, should we proceed? E Yes, please. V My client decided to take jural action against Sweetface style due to the unauthorized use of the name Glow for its products.As a result, Glow Industries demands Sweetface Fashion to take immediate measures in order to stop change the successful Jennifer Lopez perfume under the same brand name as the one used by them. E First of all, let me get the things clear. Sweetface Fashion registered the brand of the famous perfumes as Glow by JLo, which means everything has been done under strict regulation. I have brought you the official documents which provide evidence for the legal framework. Have a careful look yourself. V I perfectly understand what you are showing me and I see nonhing wrong so far.However, it was Glow Industries that first came up with the idea of Glow for its line of cosmetics. So, I believe it is easy for you to understand that we have intellectual property rights. As a result, we are fully authorized to claim damages given that you adopted our brand name without consulting us. E You cannot claim damages for something that legally speaking did not cause you any specific injuries. And I remind you that a few moments ago I have shown you the registration paper that clearly states all the conditions and tied(p) you agreed that there is nothing you can object about.V Yes, we can claim damages, given that the simultaneous use of this brand could represent a impairment for both companies. E Absolutely not Sweetface has built itself an image on the market which is different of Glow Industries. They are completely different artif icial entities. in that location is no point in what you are saying. V This is exactly where I was trying to get. If you do not accept our conditions, taking into account that Sweetface Fashion has cognise a strong growing period and is still in the expansion phase, refusing to do so would virtually affect the trust of your clients in your promoted brand.Besides, a lawsuit takes a lot of time and it is very expensive as well. Are you allow foring to do that? E It is true that the expansion of Sweetface would be somewhat delayed, just given its large dimensions compared to Glow Industries, it wouldnt have the same impact on the profits. V Well then, I see you are willing to face Glow Industries in hook. I would like to let you know that if we win the case, we will not only keep the Glow name for our products, but we will also ask for 20% of the annual profits made by Sweetface.E Let me tell you something too. There is also a large fortuity for Glow Industries to lose the case. If that happens, Sweetface Fashion would be interested in acquiring Glow Industries and enlarge the number of shares. V Thats out of the question Glow Industries is a company with a longtime tradition for over 30 years. Under no circumstances well sell it to Sweetface Fashion No way E I am more than convinced that what I am about to tell you will get your attention.Sweetface Fashion has recently acquired a company which has been interchange its products under the name Glow and was the first one to ever use it. So, if you refuse to sell, Sweetface Fashion will be even more interested in taking further legal action against you. You wouldnt like that, would you? V So, we either win a small part or lose it all. E Now you seem to get my point. V Alright. Given the context, how much would Sweetface Fashion offer us? E Starting at $4 million. V No way We ask for at least $10 million as we have been a successful company.E You must be joking. V not a bit actually. E We could give you $5,5 m illion and nothing more V $7 million and nothing less E $6,5 million, I asseverate V $7 million. This is our last word. You may take it or leave it E Alright, youve got a deal. If you lose the case, Sweetface Fashion will acquire Glow Industries for $7 million. But if you win, you will only get a small share of the profits. V We are taking that chance. E Well then, see you in the court It was a pleasure to negotiate with you. V The pleasure was mine. E Have a nice day V Goodbye

Narrative Reflection: A Long Way Gone by Ishmael Beah Essay

Society can be represented by an onion. There are many layers to both. In hostelry, the center is an individual. It then moves on to family, community, nation, and fin each(prenominal)y, humankind. separately layer cannot exist without the layers underneath it, just like how an onion cannot be an onion without its many supporting layers. A Long Way G hotshot by Ishmael Beah shows the layers of society through memories. Beah has experienced these layers through war, and explains each one in his memoir. The first, creation himself.When an individual is torn away from his/her parents, moral corruption whitethorn be imminent. Once Ishmael and his friends are separated from their families, they are looked down upon by others. They are seen as filthy, useless beings, and that arises many internal conflicts. The separation similarly leaves a lot of responsibility on the individual. They have to deliver for themselves. Apart from eating and drinking water and once every other day victo rious a bath, I spent most of my time fighting myself ment completelyy in order to avoid thinking about where my family and friends were.(Beah 52). This quote from the memoir shows how he was experiencing self conflict because of the loss of his family. It shows that separation from ones family impacts his/her life.Families sacrifice whatever it takes to reunite after being separated. Ishmael traveled across Africa to onrush to reunite with his family. He sacrificed many days and went through a lot of pain to find them. Even his family, while in the village where entirely the Mattru Jong refugees were staying, unplowed looking for Ishmael, even if the searches were in vain. One man was carrying his dead son. The father was covered with his sons blood, and as he ran he kept saying, I will get you to the hospital, my boy, and everything will be fine. Perhaps it was necessary that he cling to false hopes (Beah 13) This quote shows that even though the son is dead, the father does al l he can to attempt to keep them together. I wanted to see my family, even if it meant dying with them is another example of family sacrifice. Ishmael would rather see his family one last time, and be together one last time, even if it meant that he would give up his life.A community is many families working together to inspection and repair each other. In that village there are lots of people from Mattru Jong and the Sierra Rutile mining area. All of you might be able to find your families or news about them (Beah 83). When Ishmael Beah and his friends go to a village, the people there help direct them to their families who were staying in the next town over. Communities also help provide food and shelter for their members when it is needed.Nations are multiple communities joined together to help each other or fight together. The following morning our nameless waiter came again with food and a smile on his face that said he was glad that we were doing fine. (Beah 62) A man from o ne community helped the boys from a antithetical community. This shows how a nation works. Communities work together to help each other. Even so, not all parts of a nation get along. One day, as soon as we had left the forested area of a village we had bypassed, a group of huge, muscular men sprang from the bushes onto the path in front of us. height their machetes and hunting rifles, they ordered us to stop. The men were the voluntary guards of their village and had been asked by their chief to bring us back. (Beah 38). The village that sent the guards to capture the boys werent being a helpful community to others however, each nation has different types communities. Some of them willing to help, while others attempt to protect only themselves.The final layer of society is humankind. It is exactly like the skin of an onion. It ends the layers in a neat finish and protects them. When turmoil occurs in one nation, other nations provide aid. You have been great soldiers and you all know that you are part of this brotherhood. I am very proud to have served my coun fork up with you boys. But your work here is done, and I must get off you off. These men will put you in school and find you another life. (Beah 129). The program the boys are sent to is UNICEF, which was established to help rehabilitate child soldiers and try to bring them back to reality. Later in the memoir, Ishmael is also sent to the United States to represent Sierra Leone. He shared with the rest of the United States the plague going on in Africa. Americans helped Ishmaels nation when it was in need.Ishmael uses these layers of society throughout the entire novel. He starts with an individual, the center of an onion, and moves through all the layers, reaching humankind, or the skin of an onion. These layers build his experiences to the maximum level of emotional appeal, and bring many people together to help others like him.

History of Competition Law in India. Its an Emerging Area in the Field of Law

The psychiatric hospital of British Rule in India left the Indian economy crippled. India served as a throw away ground for the machine made cloth and separate factory goods from England and was reduced to a mere raw material supplying colony.After winning license against the political disputation posed by the British Rulers for many years, India, post independence, started its era of fighting against stinting competition, the only difference being that the threat which India go ab come on was now non only restricted to the British rulers but to the whole world which turned India as a dream destination for celebrating the advantages of Globalization and Liberalization. loving Independence gave way to the entrance of many striking firms into the Indian market exploring opportunities in various trades and businesses.The condition of the Indian market was very weak and undefended to face the might of these foreign firms, because India at that time neither had the resources no r the skilled workforce to convert, if at all, such resources to compete with these foreign firms. The technological and scientific capabilities were poor, industrialisation was limited and lopsided. Agricultural sector exhibited features of feudal and semi-feudal institutions, resulting into low productivity. In brief, poverty was rampant and unemployment was widespread, both making for low general standard of living.These were the socio- sparing check offtings in which the origin fathers had to chart out a programme of nation-building. The Indian government, although did non reach the weapons to wage war against such fierce competition against the foreign firms but the Government did not fail to rule out the possible defences to resist the competition posed by the foreign firms to protect its own domestic market. The Monopolies and Restrictive allot Practices act upon of 1969 turned out to be the most sought after Defence Mechanism. The history of the Indian competitive leg islation goes back to the Monopolies question Commission.In 1964, when the Indian democracy was in its nascent state b atomic number 18ly 17 years old the Government of India appointed the Monopolies Enquiry Commission to investigate into the effect and extent of niggardliness of economical power in private turn over and prevalence of monopolistic and restrictive trade practices in implicationant economic activity other than agriculture. The commission submitted its report along with the Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices (MRTP) Bill, 1965 and on June 1st The Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices correspond came into existence on twenty-seventhDecember, 1969.The preamble to this enactment provided it to beAn human activity to provide that the operation of the economic system does not result in the concentration of the economic power to the parking lot detriment, for the control of monopolies, for the prohibition of monopolistic and restrictive trade practice s and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. Therefore, in common parlance, the MRTP Act, 1969 aimed at preventing economic power concentration in a few hands, the intention behind this was to avoid damage, with the end result protecting consumer interest and the economic society at large.HISTORY OF THE MRTP influence, 1969 pip independence, when the Constitution of India, that is, the Blanket-cover regulator, was being enacted and adopted, the most important obliges which provided for recognising the effect of the MRTP Act, and preventing and avoiding damage were Article 38 and Article 39 of the Constitution, which was adopted and enacted and came into effect on the 26th daylight of November, 1949. Article 38 of the Constitution provides for the Directive Principles of State Policy which mandates upon States to secure a social order for the promotion and welfare of the people.This provision recognised the charter to eliminate and minimise the inequalities in inc ome, which applied not only to the individuals but also to the groups in different areas. However, the MRTP Act of 1969 owes its existence to the provision provided under Article 39(c) of the Constitution of India which provided that the States shall strive to securethat the operation of the economic system does not result in the concentration of wealth and means of production to the common detriment.The preamble to the MRTP Act rests on this very provision of the Constitution of India. In the case ofState of Biharv. Kameshwar Singh, the Court was of the opinion, that, a law aimed at doing away with the concentration of big blocks of land in the hands of a few individuals would sub-serve the directives laid down in sub-clauses (b) and (c) of Article 39 of the Constitution of India. Taking this judgment into perspective, the preamble to the MRTP Act, 1969 gets reinstated where the target or the intention f the legislature behind enacting such an Act is to avoid damage by concentrati on of economic power in the hands of only a few and thereby causing damage. However, the MTRP Act was not a result of just the two provision of the Constitution of India. After enacting the same articles, the Government of India assumed the responsibility of overall development of the country. It was incidentally that the Government appointed the Mahalanobis Committee on the Distribution of Income and Levels of Living in October 1960.The main toil at hand for this Committee was identifying the pattern of work of large business houses under the planned economy regime and whether there was any concentration of economic power. It was after this Committee that the Monopolies Inquiry Commission (MIC) was set-up in 1964 which reported that there was high concentration of economic power in over 85% of industries in India at that point in time. MONOPLIES INQUIRY COMMISSION (MIC) MIC appointed under Commission of Inquiry Act, 1952 stretch of inquiry extent and effect of concentration o f economic powers in private hands. TOR excluded agriculture sector and public sector MIC to signify legislation and other measures to protect essential public interest and also suggest agency for enforcement of the legislation FINDINGS OF THE MIC Adverse social effects of economic concentration Government policies one of the main causes of economic concentration Managing agency system freshly technology scale of production Birth of equity culture increase in size War efforts of India Political largesse MIC used CR3 Studied speed of light products 64 products were found having CR3 75% Infant milk food, biscuits, chocolates, tea, coffee Dhoti, saree, shirting Kerosene, coal, petroleum Lantern, stove, fan, lamp, radio, refrigerator, geyser Tooth-paste, razor, blade, cigarettes Vitamins, penicillin Cars, commercial vehicles, tyres Cement, sanitary-wares etc MIC distinguished between industry-wise concentration and country-wise concentration commodious number of industries had either single supplier or one supplier having large share of market. Collusive behaviour in certain sectors Entry parapet created by private players Evidence of predatory pricing Many public sector enterprises enjoyed monopoly Many restrictive trade practices (RTP) prevalent Hoarding Re-sale price living Exclusive dealing Price fixing Boycott Price discrimination Big business by its very bigness sometimessucceed in keeping out competitors RECOMMENDATIONS OF MIC Non-legislative recommendation Setting up public sector enterprises in sectors which have little competition Promoting SMEs and Cooperatives to challenge private monopolies Continuation of license system and import restrictions Proposed an autonomous Commission headed by a Judge to implement a new law. The proposed commission to have an investigating arm Punitive powers to the Commission Scope of merger control limited to merger involving a dominant enterprise (at least 1/3 of share in prod uction/ supply/distribution) whole proposals for expansion by dominant enterprises to be approved by the proposed Commission IPRs to be under the purview of the proposed law. MRTP ACT Made some significant departures from the recommendations of MIC RTP out(p) MTP Government can refer to MRTPC for inquiry and recommendation M & As powers entirely with the Government Enterprises having Rs. 200 one thousand thousand in assets and dominant enterprises having Rs. 10 million in assets to seek prior approval of rudimentary Government for expansion or setting up a new undertaking MRTPC had limited gracious Court powers enforcing attendance of witness and calling for documents these powers were not provided to the investigating agency Trial of offences in the domain of CourtsSACHAR COMMISSION Set up in 1997 to consider the working of MRTP Act and recommend necessary changes. FINDINGS OF THE SACHAR COMMISSION Reviewed the working of MRTPC during the period 1970-77 Found tha t the actual role of MRTPC was limited and mostly advisory The Government had not made use of the expertise few references to MRTPC for opinion RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE SACHAR COMMITTEE I Definition of dominant enterprise to be changed enterprises with ? arket share to be termed dominant harmonization of definition of goods in the MRTP Act with the Sale of Goods Act Inter-connected undertakings concept to be introduced to the MRTP Act Government Undertakings to be brought under purview of MRTPC Compulsory reference by the Central Government on MTPs to MRTPC All M&As to be referred for advise of MRTPC, if the Central Government so desires. Division of enterprises- MRTPC to pass final orders if the Central Government referred the matter to it. Certain Unfair Trade Practices (UTPs) like misleading advertisements to be inserted in the Law Power to compensate against injury Power to devote interim enjoining Power of contempt Investigating arm to be provided more teeth by p owers of conducting down raids and limited Civil Court powers 1984 AMENDMENT TO MRTP ACT Many deviations from the recommendations of the Sachar Committee Concept of deemed illegality to host of trade practices introduced Exclusionary behaviour, tie in sale, re-sale price maintenance, bid rigging, allocation of market, boycott predatory pricing etc. enrollment of agreements by dominant enterprises made mandatory Mis-representation as well as misleading or disparaging advertisement included feed prohibiting UTPs introduced 1991 AMENDMENT TO THE MRTP ACT Provisions dealing with monopolistic enterprises seeking prior Government approval deleted Government Undertakings, Government Corporations and Government owned Companies brought under the purview of the MRTP Act by placard Granting of injunction without issue of notice to the effective parties PROVISIONS IN PRESENT MRTP ACT Has jurisdiction in RTP & UTP 14 practices are deemed RTP, but there are gateways in S. 38 MTP if r eferred or suo moto, but can only recommend to Government M & A were deleted in 1991 Can grant temporary injunction Has powers of contempt For disobedience, MRTPC must complain to criminal court RAGHAVAN COMMITTEE A high level Committee on Competition Policy and Law set up in 1999. TOR inter-alia included recommending a suitable legislation framework which could either be a new law or appropriate amendments to the MRTP Act FINDINGS OF THE RAGHAVAN COMMITTEE Word competition used sparsely in theMRTP Act only twice Absence of precise definition e. g. Cartels Inadequate to deal with performance of the WTO Agreements No specific powers under the MRTP Act to deal with mergers Inadequate in dealing with anti-competitive practices as in other modern competition law convenient to have a new Competition Law. Competition Commission of India Duties Competition Act, 2002 notified in January, 2003 Stated objective (as indicated in Preamble) is to establish the Commission to Elim inate practices having inauspicious effect on competition Promote and sustain competition Protect consumers interests Ensure freedom of trade carried on by other participants in markets in India Section 18Preamble of the Competition Act, 2002 States keeping in view the economic development of thecountry, to prevent practices having appreciable adverse effect on competition to promote and sustain competition in trade and industry to protect the interest of consumers to ensure freedom of trade carried on by the participants in markets in India Objectives to be achieved through the establishment of the Competition Commission of India (CCI).The Competition Act, 2002 new wine in a new bottle There is a significant contrast between the repealed MRTP Act and the Competition Act. The intent of the Competition Act is not to prevent the existence of a monopoly across the board. There is a realization in policy-making circles that in certain industries, the nature of their operations and economies of scale indeed dictate the creation of a monopoly in order to be able to operate and remain feasible and profitable. This is in significant contrast to the philosophy which propelled the operation and application of the MRTP Act.The word monopoly is no longer taboo in somatic and political India. The Act declares that somebody and enterprise are prohibited from entering into a crew which causes or is likely to cause an appreciable adverse effect on competition at heart the relevant market in India. A system is provided under the Act wherein at the option of the person or enterprise proposing to enter into a combination may give notice to the CCI of such intention providing details of the combination. The Commission after due deliberation, would give its opinion on the proposed combination.However, entities not required to advancement the Commission for this purpose are public financial institutions, FIIs, banks or venture capital funds which are contemplating sha re subscription, financing or acquisition pursuant(predicate) to any specific stipulation I a loan agreement or investor agreement. The Act definitely is a new wine in a new bottle. The Competition (Amendment) Bill, 2006 The Competition (Amendment) Bill, 2006, contains provisions designed to address the Supreme Courts concerns.It also proposes to make several other changes in sections of the Act dealing with anti-competitive practices. Some proposed amendments are quite sensible, while others (notably a modified leniency programme for firms that provide information about their participation in a cartel) have been inadequately thought out. The amendments designed to placate the Supreme Court will also have some negative consequences. Several weaknesses in the trustworthy Act remain unaddressed.Finally, the scarcity of the kind of economic expertise required to interpret the Acts multifarious technical clauses also remains a matter of concern. Intensive capacity building and a re-ass essment of the Act itself are urgently required. Conclusion The quality of governance of the state is being watched very tight by the citizens, investors and the international community. As more freedom is available to businesses to choose from various countries for investing, the competing governments are also conscious about the role of governance in attracting investment.Any perception that the environment is not conducive to competition and the state has been captured by a few big businesses certainly negatively affects the global investment decisions of firms. The same is also true of the situation within different provinces in a country as same considerations are used by the firms in making investment decisions while choosing locations for establishment of an industry. In a market structure where firms face weak competitive pressures and the profits and prices are predictable the firms have little or no incentive to use resources efficiently.Hence competition is accepted wor ldwide as the life blood of the market economy. It spurs innovation and high productivity leading to accelerated economic growth to the consumers it brings the benefit of lower prices, wider choices and better services. The effect of competition on price and accessibility is best illustrated with an caseful from Indian telecommunications. Tele-density in India has risen from mere 2. 32 in 1999 to 11. 32 in December 2005-07. Also there has been a dramatic fall in telecom tariffs from Rs. 6 per minute to Re. 1 per minute with increased competition in this sector. Similarly, consumers have benefited from competition in other sectors such as civil aviation, automobiles, newspapers and consumer electronics. The enactment of the Competition Act is a commendable step towards achieving the twin mantra of open market economy and liberalization in a mixed economic system. The need for reform in the legal system with regard to competition law has been rightly recognized by the legislative b odies in the country.However, the reforms have not been smooth or speedy which has resulted in a stagnation of the legal framework guiding the corporate sector. Further reforms need to be undertaken as spendthrift as possible to ensure that the development of the nation does not take a backseat due to the pending legal reforms. Reforms must provide for good corporate governance, less of government controls and interference, protection of consumers and public interest, rewarding the merits and all to be achieved as soon as possible because world has also options available other than India.

Technology Education and National Development

TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT THE PLACE OF INFRASTRUCTURE BY SUBAIR, S. TAYO AND ASHIRU, AL-MAHROOF. OLASEEWO part OF EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION FACULTY OF EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS AKOKA LAGOS BEING A PAPER PRESENTED AT THE NIGERIAN ASSOCIATION FOR EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND PLANNING (NAEAP) INTERNATIONAL assembly VENUEJULIUS BERGER AUDITORIUM UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS DATE24TH 27TH SEPTEMBER 2007 AbstractTechnology training has been defined as a continuous barelyt on of special development and training imparted in individuals for them to achieve socio-economic in colony. One major essence of engineering education is self-sustenance and social training. This paper takes a cursory look at the factors germane to functional applied science education and its implications for internal development, by examining the concepts of technology education, national development, infrastructure and goals of technology education.The paper goes further to asses the dev elopment status of Nigeria, the relevant of infrastructure in the furnish of viable technology education and some atomic number 18as along policies, practices, attitudes, and sensitization of the public towards imbibing technology education that can foster national development. Introduction The base of operations of Nigerias philosophy of education is the integration of the individual into a sound and effective citizen, such a philosophy as articulated in the internal Policy on Education (Federal Republic of Nigeria, 2004).The goal of national development is hardly realizable with pop out technology, which serves as a vehicle for the acquisition of appropriate knowledge, skills, abilities and competencies of both(prenominal) mental and physical nature. This is equipment for the individual to live in his orderliness, and to acquire a relevant and balanced knowledge of facts about local and world phenomena. The etymology of technology is from classic word tekhne, which refers to an art or craft, and logia which means atomic number 18a of study. Simply defined, technology is a science of crafting.collins English Dictionary (2005, pg. 1675) defines technology as the application of applicatory or mechanical sciences to industry or commerce, the methods, theory and practices governing such application and the total knowledge and skills available to any human society. Education, as defined by Adesina, Fagbamiye and Talabi (1985) is a tool for the integration of the individuals effectively into a society to enable them achieve self social, economic, political, scientific, cultural and technological progress.Now, in the era of globalization, the growing importance of trans-border education preps particularly, in the area of technology is quite witnessable. Gener entirelyy, stakeholders are anxious to see that educational institutions deliver what they should deliver and that what they deliver produces worthy outcomes. These desirable outcomes include, among others, changes in structures, attitudes and institutions as well as the acceleration of economic proceeds, the reduction of inequality and eradication of absolute privation.Consequently, in addressing the issue of national development vis-a-vis technology education, it is of immense necessity to show the understanding of the phenomenon development and also to harness the indices of development before we can decide what we look out for in a developed, under-developed, developing nation and so on. The Concept of Technology Education According to Adeogun (2004), Ogunranti (1988) and Ukeje (1991), technology is the application of science and scientific knowledge to get under ones skin the world more efficient using industrial methods.Technology can also be viewed as the sum of the ways in which a social free radical provides for themselves with the materials of civilization, thus science and technology go hand-in-hand. It could be considered permissible then to say that technology is a systematic approach in an integrated process to achieve practical purpose or achieve an end product. Hence, technology involves a practical engagement, that is, the act of doing, which is meant to solve human capers scientifically and systematically. Translated from its Latin root, educo or educare, the word education means to lead. In other words, education implies showing the way.In principle, education is the process by which a person or chemical group of persons lead in the act of acquiring new knowledge or experience. Ajelabi (2000) views education as implying the experience that a person gets in contact with or which one undergoes with or without the school. According to Collins Dictionary (2005, pg. 433), education is the act or process of imparting knowledge, especially at school, college or university, the art or process of acquiring knowledge, the knowledge or training acquired by this process, the theory of teaching and learning or a particular kind of special dir ectives (instructions) or training.From the foregoing, an in operation(p) definition of technology education required for this paper projects technology education as a continuous process of special education, training and directives imparted in individuals for the development of innovative ideas to ensure socio-economic independence. It could be argued that the type of education which Nigeria pupils and students are exposed to at different levels of education in the school system like a shot cannot favour the accomplishment of the Millennium Development Goals.This can be substantiated with the concern about quality which is uppermost in any educational discourse all over the world, and Nigeria in particular. The unify Nations Education Scientific and Cultural Organization (1999) observes that quality in education is a multi-dimensional concept which should embrace all functions and activities teaching, donnish programmes, research and scholarship, staffing, students, buildings, facilities, equipment, services to the community and academic environment.To show that one is educated means that all aspects of his/her life is transformed to influence and be influenced by self, physical, social, political, economical and spiritual environments. For this reason, technology education should focus on productive skills that are saleable to the world, thus making such a country a source to associate with. The Concept of National Development National development is rooted in a force of change than can raise expectations, by means of sustainable and broad-based economic growth.It could also be perceived as the totality of all activities within a nation whose main goal is to raise the donjon standards and command well being of the people. Collins English Dictionary (2005, pg. 443) defines development as the act or process of growing or developing or the product of developing. The Cambridge International Dictionary of English (1996, pg 377) defines development as grow ing or becoming more advanced or a recent crucial event which is the latest in a series of related events.For the purpose of this paper, national development means the satisfaction and sustenance of the social, political and economic ineluctably of the people of a state (nation). It could also be thought of as planned activities which focus on increasing and enlarging the capacities so that they can successfully get over greater positions in a nation. National development usually focuses on improve the conceptual skills the intellectual and abilities needed to handle complex situations and do a better job.With economic needs, a change in the economic and social super-structure of the society is guaranteed. It is an improvement in the techniques of turnout in the consumption choices open to the clean citizen, in the health of the citizen, in the behaviour of citizen and so on. It involves both quantitative and non-quantitative aspects. Also, it involves reduction in income ine quality, unemployment and poverty (Adeogun, 2003).Bannock (1977) opines that economic development is related to the process of growth in total and per capita income of developing nations accompanied by fundamental changes in the structures of their economies. Accordingly, these changes generally consist of the increasing importance of industrial, as opposed to agricultural, activity, reduction of dependence on imports from the more advanced producer and consumer goods, and dependence on agricultural or mineral products as main exports, and a diminishing reliance on aids from other countries.Accompanying this economic process are attendant political and socio-cultural reforms aimed at resolving such problems as cultural deprivation, ignorance, political instability and poverty. Thus, national development can be perceived as the totality of all the activities within a nation whose main goal is to raise the living standards and general well-being of the people. The Concept of Infrastru cture According to Coombs (1991), the educational system is a function of the quality and quantity of inputs. Of significance are the buildings, equipment and space.This view gains the endorsement of Ejiogu (1984) and Nwagwu (1983) who beak that of the four important factors in an attempt to balance the qualitative and quantitative growth of any educational system is the quality and number of infrastructure in the form of buildings, machinery and equipment their maximal usage and proper maintenance culture of the students, staff and community members that use such facilities. Infrastructure, as stated by Ehiametalor (2001) are the operational inputs of every instructional programme and they constitute elements that are necessary for teaching and learning.Such include buildings, laboratories, machinery, furniture and electrical fixtures. In specific terms, Bosah (1997) opines that infrastructure represent the verifiable relevance of the totality of the school environment for the re alization of the school business. He identifies the following as components of infrastructure landscape, playgrounds, buildings classrooms, library, laboratory blocks, health blocks, toilets, hostels, administrative blocks and so on utilities such as electricity, pipe-borne water and security facilities walls (fences), gates, telephone and alarm system.From the above, infrastructure can be considered the grassroots systems and services that are necessary for an organization, for example, buildings, transport, water and power supplies and administrative systems. These are things that represent the aesthetic picture of the school conveyed by the position of structures in relation to one another. Goals of Technology Education The goals of technology education include -understanding the principles and dynamics of technology understanding the principles of tool construction, processes of technology and modes of dissemination -developing intellectual processes of technology and their r elation with other systems such as communication, economics, science, industry and society -acquiring skills such as instrumentation production, maintenance, creativity, designing and communication -mastering of technology-oriented forms of general and specific problem-solving -producing technologically literate people and -producing products that are employable and equally those who would proceed to high education (Busari, 2004).It is important to appreciate the interpretation of these goals in the policies and practices of technology education in Nigeria. The policy guidelines set by the government for achieving the objectives are provision of basic tools for educational advancement including preparation for crafts of the locality, provision of curricular activities like teaching of science, local crafts, domestic science and agriculture, and provision of qualified teachers to handle technology education subjects. An Assessment of the Development Status of Nigeria In assessing th e indices, criteria or factors responsible for the lassification of any country as being either developing or developed, it becomes imperative to understand the underlying key concepts development, developing, under-developed, least developed, third world or fourth world and developed countries. Development can be loveed as the process of improving human welfare. Hence, the goals of development include -balanced healthful diet -adequate medical care -labour opportunities commensurate with individual talents -environmental sanitation and disease control -sufficient educational opportunities -reduced infant mortality rate -decent housing social and political participation promoting equality (United Nations, 2003). Developing countries are characterized by high rate debts, low level of Gross Domestic intersection (GDP), low standard of living, low level of productivity and low level of health, low level of investment high dependency on the agriculture production and high vulnerabilit y for external shocks. Least Developed Countries (LDC) generally suffer conditions of extreme poverty, ongoing and widespread conflict (including civil war or cultural clashes), extensive political corruption and lack of political and social stability.The form of government in such countries is often authoritarian in nature, and may lie in dictatorship, warlordism or a kleptocrazy (United Nations, 2003). The Relevance of Infrastructure in the Provision of Viable Technology Education With the present scope of technology in Nigerian classrooms, thither are few technological foul schools and few universities where technology education is made available. It is lamentably sad to observe that the available infrastructure in the available technical colleges and universities of technology is inadequate when compared with the expected functions of such institutions of learning.No doubt that infrastructure comprises things that are used directly or indirectly for the purposes of supporting, facilitating, influencing or encouraging transmission or acquisition of knowledge, competencies, skills and know-how. When we think of the slimy state of this infrastructure, a question tends to come to mind is the government actually interested in building this nation? This is alone that there appears to be a gap between the policy statements and policy implementation.Lending credence to this is Busari (2004) who observes that institutions (technical colleges, universities, etc) where technology education is run are given little or lip support because they are viewed as any other education programme providers. The lackadaisical attitude of related agencies responsible for the functionalism of technology education is certify by the fact that the required infrastructure that would make technology education operational are either inadequate or non-existing. If technology education would despatch national development, the quality of the manpower available for the performance of s uch tasks allow dictate.As reported by Subair (2004), even the universities of technology experienced a face-lift except because of the accreditation exercise embarked upon by the National Universities Commission (NUC), a body established by the Federal Government in 1962 for the purpose of quality university education. He opines that experiences of the students are better expressed when adequate provision of required infrastructure is made with due consideration for some factors such as students population, student-teacher ratio, minimum studio face per student, drawing boards per student, etc and student work experience practice in particular.The country is now faced with the stark realities of her poor technological base, which manifests in all fronts, ranging from poor economy, inability to properly maintain facilities inherited from colonial masters, to bad educational planning (Odeyemi, 1996). The incessant scarcity of petroleum products, epileptic supply of electricity, ba d roads, flooding, and so on points to the fact that this country seriously needs to embrace and appreciate technology education. The resultant effects of Nigerias state of technological development are being matte in other sectors of our economy uch as the agricultural sector, industrial sector, building and construction, health and infrastructural sector water, road, telecommunication and electricity. The bite is much felt due to lack of the necessary technical know-how to maintain the existing infrastructure and fabricate spare parts to maintain the heavy duty and medium coat plants. Moreover, the frequent stealing and vandalization of Power Holding Company of Nigerias (PHCN) equipment for example is traceable to the inability to produce them locally. Obviously, there will be no mart for the stolen ones if the country is able to produce in large quantities.As Oguntoye (2004) comments There is no doubt that Nigeria has made tremendous leaps forward in educational development, e specially with regard to quantitative expansion, are probably more than those we faced before the Ashby Commission of 1960. The physical structures may be available (they are in short supply). The problem is not that people are unwilling to send their kids to school, may not be the curriculum, may not even be quantity of trained personnel, but the critical problem is attitudinal, wrong evaluate-orientation, wanting to cut corners, acquiring the certificates without acquiring knowledge, skills and competencies (pg. 8). It becomes important to say here that if Nigeria as a nation is to be a developed and novel nation, it needs to be rational. A rational society is one which regards people as having the knowledge and ability to control their own destinies. domineering ones destiny without depending on other countries for ones basic needs is self-reliance, a supposed target or goal of technology education.Consequently, the focus now should be acquisition of thorough knowledge, skill s, competencies and know-how capable of transforming and encouraging people to develop openness to new experience, readiness to social change, placing higher value on technology education and aspiring to high levels of industrial attainment, understanding the logic underlying production and industry placing high value on technical skill and accepting it as a basis for the distribution of rewards, and a basic trust in the calculating of the surrounding world, and that people and institutions can be relied upon to meet their obligations.Conclusion Attaining national development depends on three things that are considered most important. One is that education, particularly technology education which is the source of high levels of human peachy accumulation, should be heavily invested in to generate the human resources Nigeria needs as the engine for growth. There should be active government involvement or encumbrance that will encourage enormous investments in human capital, educatin g large skilled manpower able to absorb and adapt the most advanced technology.Secondly, Nigerians should know that modern societies are science and technology driven. There is no reason why we cannot set target year for achieving technology education for all. Such focus will make Nigerians think scientifically and technologically, the resultant effects of which will be change in our attitude and belief system, worthwhile social, economic, political and cultural lives, culminating into poverty alleviation, economic progress that will touch millions of Nigerians.Thirdly, irrespective of the level of education, the students are the core input into our educational institutions and the quality of the output (students) depends largely on the provision of infrastructures capable of directly or indirectly supporting, facilitating, influencing and encouraging the development of their potentials. Therefore, the knowledge, skills, competences and attitudes students acquire for life can make t hem fit into the cultural, social, economic and political contexts of the society in which they live, and to work and employment.It can all be summarily put that quality of education is reflected in the fit between, on the one hand, the expectations of society expressed in the general and specific objective of education, and on the other, the actual characteristics of the educational process (technology education) and the changes observed at the students level. References Adeogun, A. A. (2003). Economics of education. Lagos Olatunji Publishing Press. Ajelabi, A. (2000). Essentials of educational technology. Lagos Raytel Communications Ltd. Bannock, A. O. (1977).Modern technology and students intelligence development. New York McGreen Publishing Company. Bosah, H. O. N. (1997). Improving school plant provision and administration in Nigeria school. N. I. Ogbonnaya and C. L. Ajagbaonwu (Eds. ) Major concepts and issues in educational administration. NAEP Publication. Ibadan Awemark In dustrial Printers. Busari, O. O. (2004). Towards a rethink of science and technology education in Nigeria. Ejiogu A. (ed. ) Nigerian education and challenges of the 21st century. Lagos Faculty of Education, University of Lagos.Cambridge International Dictionary of English (1996). Cambridge Cambridge University Press, pp. 377. Collins English Dictionary (2005). Glasgow Harper Collins Publishers, pp. 443, 449, 1675. Coombs, Y. (1991). What is planning? Paris IIEP UNESCO. Ehiametalor, E. T. (2001). School facilities Management practice in Nigeria. N. A. Nwaguru, E. T. Ehiametalor, and M. A. Ogunu, M. Nwadiani (Eds. ) Current issues in educational management in Nigeria. Benin City, Nigeria Nigerian Association for Educational garbage disposal and Planning. Ejiogu, A. (ed. ) (2004).Nigerian education and challenges of the 21st century. Lagos Faculty of Education, University of Lagos. Madumere, S. C. (1997). Educational planning and manpower development. Lagos Samuel Printing Press. Nwag wu, N. A. (1978). Primary school administration. Beverly Hills Sage Publications. Odeyemi, O. (1996). Technology as a vehicle for qualitiative education in Nigeria. Technology education Today 6(1 & 2), pp. 49 52. Ogunranti, A. (1988). Educational technology and curriculum development. Ogunranti, A. (ed. ) Problems and prospects of educational technology in Nigeria.Ibadan Heinemann. Oguntoye, A. O. O. (2004). Education for national development self reliance in a deregulated economy. A paper presented at the 1st national conference of the School of Technical Education, Federal College of Education (Technical), Akoka. Subair, S. O. (2007). Infrastructure, students welfare and students motivation to learn in universities. An unpublished post-field report paper presented at the departmental seminar of the Educational Administration Department, University of Lagos, Akoka. Ukeje, B. O. (1991).Educational technology in the new national system of education. In Ajelabi, A. (2005). Essential s of educational technology. Lagos Raytel Communications, p. 18. United Nations (2001). Road map towards the implementation of the United Nations millennium declaration. Retrieved Sept. 17, 2008 from http//www. un. org. /millenniumgoal. United Nations Development Programme (2003). Human development report. New York University Press for UNDP. United Nations (2005). Jakarta Declaration on Millennium Development Goals in Asia and the pacific The way forward 2015, Jakarta, 5 August 2005.

Comparing Kundera and Khaled

Comparing and Contrasting Works by Kundera and Khaled Hosseini The unbearable lightness of being was make in Paris in 1984 by Czech author Milan Kundera. The fabrication is a mix of genre-defying mix of historical fiction, love stories, philosophy, and experimentation with narrative technique. Set mostly in Prague in the belated 1960s, the novel focuses on the love lives of four Czech intellectuals as they struggle with descents, sex, politics, and the military occupation of their body politic.The narrator frequently interrupts the story to analyze his birth characters and talk over the fictional plotline in the context of the novels central philosophy the dichotomy between lightness and weight. On the contrary of The kite Runner, the book was published in New York in 2003 by Afghanistan author Khaled Hosseini. The novel is a work of post- modern literature telling the story of how the author grew up and the relationship he had with one of his servant boys. However the similar ity here is the Kite Runner is besides written about a time of war for its country while telling the story of the two boys.The author Kundera is unique narrative by presenting himself in the third person, suggesting that he is a character in the story. only when he soon confesses to be the author, not the spectator of the fictional tales. He actually proceeds to comment on the characters his own fictional creations and analyze his own novel for us. What he trying to do which we cannot do in sincere life is disrupts the linearity of time by telling a non-chronological narrative. He achieves this by repeating the same scenes a second or third time. The novel explores the human struggle to give our lives weight despite its necessary and unbearable lightness.The novel itself is the narrators attempt at doing just that for himself. Contrary to Khaled is writing is Classical and he speaks as the author telling a story. He in like manner allows the character themselves to define who th ey be. He does not disrupt the time of telling a chronological narrative. He allows the characters to feel the actually weight of their lives like authoritative life. There is a quote in Kundera book novelistic to you, and I am willing to agree, but only on condition that you refrain from reading such notions as fictive, fabricated, and untrue to life into the word novelistic. Because human lives are composed in precisely such a fashion. (Kundera, The Unbearable Lightness Of Being) both authors are similar in that even though Kundera uses fictional characters and Khaled using real characters. Kundera is saying it is his way of using fictional novel and fictional characters to explore real ideas. Just because my characters are fake, he seems to be saying, doesnt mean that they arent a completely accurate reflection of real life. His novel may be intricately structure and full of artistry but so is life. The novels are different when it comes to the plot.Khaled, follows a typical plotline. Khaled uses his characters to serves as the climax as a hearty in the story. The events are placed in chronological order. Kundera, on the other hand no typical plotline, the novel features several different, interwoven, plotlines. If you identify a climactic situation for one character in one plotline, it doesnt necessarily serve as a climax for the plot as a whole. The suit the same events are narrated more than once from different characters points of view. You cant break this story into purely plot-driven stages.The bowler hat was a motif in the musical composition that was Sabinas life. It return again and again, each time with a different meaning, and all the meanings flowed through the hat like water. You cant step twice into the same river (Kundera, Milan) Sabina was touched by the sight of the bowler hat in a Zurich hotel and make love almost in tears was that its black presence was not merely a reminder of their love games but also a memento of Sabinas father and of her grandfather, who lived in a century without airplanes and cars.The bowler hat carries weight primarily because it has recurred. This is exactly why motifs give meaning to an individuals life because they recur over and over again. This is how we are able to give our lives meaning despite the fact that our life occurs only once. The kite was a motif in emirs life. It returns mollify after season and each time with different meaning. All the meanings flowed like the quote mention above. Amirs longed for the kite runner contest because it was a chance for him to bond and make his father proud of him. The kite recurs over and over every year.This kite running gave him the chance to make his father at last proud of him when he won the contest that last year before war and things change between him and Hassan. Many years later the kite comes covering fire to help him to reach his nephew. This like Sabina gave his life meaning despite the fact he lives only once. Both books show betrayal from one character to the other. In the Kite Runner Amir betrays Hassan on more than one occasion we see it when he was raped by Assef and the other boys. We see it when he places the cash and some gifts under his pillow and tries to convince his father that he stole the items.Tomas betrays Tereza by making all his sexual life to so many women, he makes he and Terezas private life public. He violates her privacy. Tereza reads Tomass letters. Sabina betrays Tomas when she takes his sock and hides it so he will go home with one sock short. This made Tomas realize Sabina resents his love for Tereza as much as Tereza resents his lust for Sabina. In the book by Khaled there is a quote For you a thousand clock over (Hosseini) Hassan used this quote to show his devotion to Amir and that there was nothing he would not do for his friend and master, yet unknowingly to him also his brother.His thousand times over was shown when he went after the kite for Amir and it cost him b eing raped and shamed. At the end of the story you have Amir using the same quote as he and Hassans son Sohrab are flying the kite and he noticed a slight nod and smile come across his face. He knew there was no great big change but like spring when it comes it melts the snow one cow chip at a time he thought he might have just witnessed the first flake melting.Just like Hassan Tereza would show Tomas For you a thousand times over (Kundera) her devotion and love for him. Even though he cheated on her many times over she stayed with him. She believed he was her soul mate that was why she went to Prague to offer up her life to Tomas. Tomas himself was faithful to Tereza in that he would not let anyone possess a special area which he might look for poetic memory and which records everything that charms or touches us, that makes our lives beautiful.Since meeting Tereza he did not allow a woman to leave the slightest impression on that part of his brain. Hosseini, Khaled. The Kite Runn er. Hosseini, Khaled. The Kite Runner. New York Penguin Group, 2003. 371. Novel. Kundera, Milan. The Unbearable Lightness Of Being. Kundera, Milan. The Unbearable Lightness Of Being. New York harperCollins, 1984. 88. Novel. Kundera, Milan. The Unbearable Lightness Of Being. Kundera, Milan. The Unbearable Lightness Of Being. New York Harper & Row, 1984. 59. Novel.

Butterfly corp Essay

1. Prioritizing the issues that dally necessitate to deal with are, that in Puerto Rico suppliers mistreat their workers, retailers in some countries were diluting the products and selling them as full strength, some plant employees were paroxysm pay cuts while others were not. Employees that have worked at Butterfly for m each years were having their hours cut to 36-hour workweeks, losing their full-time benefits. There are as well as political alliances being create among marketing, finance, manufacturing, and corporate headquarters. Each plant operates as an independent profit-making entity. Butterflys workers tended to be women children were being left(a) to fend for themselves. In some Latin American countries, husbands were angry because their wives earned more than they did, corporate throng at Butterfly are mostly men. I prize employing an morality program can report these issues by showing all suppliers, employees, even the corporate heads that this company stand s for what is right, and they want to bring the company spine to core values and good ethics.I believe for the most part all these issues that Butterfly is suffering are all ethical issues. If everyone in the company, even foreign companies, know that there allow be a virgin ethics committee and that every company will be expected to hunt this set of ethical guidelines, will help get this company back on track. Either the companies will follow the new set of ethical guidelines or be penalized, or they may want to close down. Unfortunately, it is more difficult to control foreign companies because our ethics in the United States are completely diametric.2. I think that the new ethics committee should have a wide array of people. I think it should have a representative from each continent that has a Butterfly, both men and woman with different areas of expertise. I think the committees first steps toward implementing an effective ethics program should be to communicate these new ethical standards. Explain why they are needed and how the company will implement them. Then put a high-level employee in to oversee all aspects of the new ethics program. solely companies need to educate and train all employees about the new program. The new ethics program needs to be monitored and there needs to be reporting of all aspects, if something is found, there needs to be seemly discipline. I think that there needs to be a way for all employees to respond to any changes being made and let supervisors know.3. Yes, I believe that the new ethics committee should commission an ethics audit. How would they know ifall the companies are conforming to the new ethical program without doing an audit? This will also show them if the others can conform to new ethical standards and if more discipline needs to be implemented. Should the new ethics committee commission an ethics audit? If yes, when should the audit be conducted? If no, why not

The global warming

Global Heating A Man-made ProblemMany of age(predicate) ages in the yesteryear there was contention all over whether world-wide alter was genuinely happening. Over this rate of flow many different scientists sop up through many trials and experiments which see proven that planetary heating is a fact non a theory. Now that planetary heating has been proven true, there is a argument over whether it is endeavord by natural happenings or semisynthetic patterns. In the docudrama, inconvenient Truth wrote by former guilt president Al Gore, it explains and provides grounds that planetary heating is a semisynthetic trade. Harmonizing to Fred vocaliser s and Dennis Avery s book, Unstoppable Global Warming, planetary heating and chilling chancem to be portion of a 1,500-year cycle of moderate temperature swings and human activities ar non the primary wee-wee of planetary heating. Although some think that Global heating is merely a portion of the body politic s natural rhythm, I agree with Al Gore, that planetary heating is caused by worlds actions for several grounds 1 ) We use many of the Earth s resources in truth heedlessly and inefficiently. 2 ) Our abuse of fogy fuels emits dozenss of C dioxide in the air doing dire alterations around the universe. 3 ) The increasing population of the universe makes the earth work harder than it should to go along all of the people in it. maven indispensable ground why I think planetary heating is a semisynthetic job is because people use the Earth s natural resources prodigally. For illustration, when we enkindle and cut down woodwind instruments for paper, wood or to do room for people to populate, we are lending to planetary heating. Harmonizing to the United States Environmental protective covering Agency, trees absorb C dioxide from the air, which is one of the nursery gases that are absorbed by the ambience. By taking the trees international the C dioxide that could hold been absorbed by the trees will merely travel into the ambiance ( USEPA ) . When C dioxide or other nursery gases get absorbed by the ambiance they trap heat in the visit ambiance that goes back down to the Earth. When there is big sum of the nursery gases in the ambiance it grass do excess heating system of the Earth ( Inconvenient ) . Another natural resource that we take good of is our dirt. When we have our refuse taken to elephantine landfills we are making more(prenominal) injury to our planet than we know. Harmonizing to Brian Ladd, a member of Eco-Cycle s Comm unit of measurementy Action Team, when waste under the land starts disintegrating it do methane gas to gunk to the surface and enters the lower ambiance. Methane is a powerful nursery gas that is twenty one times more effectual at pin downing radiant heat than C dioxide ( Ladd ) . We need to take a good expression at how efficaciously we are utilizing natural resources because we are utilizing them faster than nature notify bring forth them.Be side the natural resources above, there is one resource that we use wholly irresponsibly. That resource is fossil fuels, which are the primary subscribers to planetary heating. Fossil fuels are made of organic affair such as coal or oil. We burn fossil fuels everyday when we drive our autos, and create electricity in our places. When you burn fossil fuels it releases C dioxide. Harmonizing to Inconvenient Truth, in 650,000 old ages the C dioxide degree had neer gone above 300 parts per million. Harmonizing to Anne Waple, the Communications Manager at the Climate Change Science Program Office, Today, degrees are greater than 380 ppm and increasing at a rate of 1.9 ppm yr-1 since 2000 ( Waple ) . The IPCC Special Report on Emission Scenario verbalize that by the terminal of the twenty-first century, we could anticipate to see CO2 degrees between 490 to 1260 ppm ( Waple ) . These high degrees of C dioxide cause the thaw of glaciers around the universe. For illustration, the Himalaya s Glaciers provide imbibing H2O for 40 per centum of the people on Earth ( Inconvenient ) . If the glaciers keep runing at such a rapid rate there will be a deficit of H2O. Since more glaciers everyplace are runing off it will do the sea degrees to lift. ( Inconvenient ) Harmonizing to Inconvenient Truth, if Greenland melted topographic points such Florida, San Francisco Bay, and Manhattan would be submerged. The authorities needs to take planetary warming more earnestly because if this happened it would be to lay waste toing.Though burning fossil fuels is the primary cause of planetary heating, population would merely do the effects of planetary heating greater. Do nt you believe if we have excessively many people on Earth we will make excessively much befoulment for the Earth to manage? This is why population has become a factor in planetary heating. For swank of an eyes, more people centre extra usage of transit, which causes the combustion of more fossil fuels. Larger populat ions too mean a larger demand for H2O. There will besides be a large demand for nutrient ( Inconvenient ) . Most people in the universe are meat feeders which means we have to engender more cattles. Harmonizing to the Children s British Broadcasting Company, cattles are a beginning of nutrient, and their flatuss and spread contains methane. Just one cow gives off adequate harmful methane gas in a somebody twenty-four hours to make full around 400 litre bottles, which is truly bad for the environment ( CBBC ) . To keep all the people in the universe we have to go on doing room for people to populate. hotshot manner we do this is by cutting and firing down woods. Thirty per centum of the C dioxide that goes up into the ambiance comes from forest combustion ( Waple ) . If we keep interfering with nature s rhythms at that place might non be any rhythms to mess up after a piece.Even with all the grounds above Fred Singer and Dennis Avery believe that we have nil to make with the caus e of planetary heating. They think that, human-emitted CO2 ( C dioxide ) has contend merely a minor function in it. Alternatively, the mild warming seems to be portion of a natural 1,500-year clime rhythm ( plus or minus 500 old ages ) that goes back at least one million years ( Singer and Avery pg. 3 ) . In their book, they stated that ice nucleuss from Greenland and south-polar s Vostok Glacier showed the same 1,500-year rhythms ( Singer and Avery ) . Harmonizing to Inconvenient Truth, it is true that there was a mediaeval heating finale and two others. If you were to compare the mediaeval heating period CO2 degrees with those of the other two, you would see that they fit nearly together ( Inconvenient ) . If you were to compare like a shot s C dioxide degrees to the predating warming period s degrees, you would see that our degrees are off the charts ( Inconvenient ) . So what happened between so and now? It is obvious that we have done something to do the CO2 degrees so much higher than the old heating periods. Harmonizing to Emily Robinson, a imperativeness deposit at Union of Concerned Scientists, another thing that you should take in consideration is that Fred Singer is affiliate with no less than 11 think tanks and associations that have received support from ExxonMobil. ExxonMobil is the universe s largest publically traded international oil and gas company. Singer s ain Science and Environmental Policy stand ( SEPP ) has received $ 20,000 from ExxonMobil ( Robinson ) . Dennis Avery is a Senior Fellow for a think tank called the Hudson Institute. The Hudson Institute received $ 25,000 from ExxonMobil ( Robinson ) . It sounds to me similar they are covering for ExxonMobil. Do you believe they are seeking to protect ExxonMobil to maintain the money coming in? Nice defense.More people need to look at all the grounds that proves we have contributed to the cause of planetary heating. We need to acknowledge that we are doing planetary heating by u tilizing the Earth s natural resources recklessly, breathing immense sums of carbon dioxide into the ambiance by firing fossil fuels, and seting force per unit area on the Earth and it resources by over populating. Although there has been other warming periods before our clip, today s CO2 degrees are beyond comparing with old warming periods. The authorities should halt debating over what caused it and set some Torahs into consequence. There would be no injury in puting Torahs to assist the Earth. All it could make is assist the United States become a better topographic point to populate.Work CitedInconvenient Truth. Prod. Laurie David, et Al. Dir. Davis Guggenheim. Perf. Al Gore. Paramount, 2006. DVD.Waple, Anne. NCDC Global Warming. home(a) Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 20 Aug. 2008. Web. 30 Oct. 2009.Singer, Fred and Dennis Avery. Unstoppable Global Heating Every 1,500 Old ages. Lanham, MD Rowman and Littlefield, 2008. Print.Robinson, Emily. Exxon Exposed Union of Conc erned Scientists. 04 Aug 2008. Web. 07 Nov. 2009.CBBC Newsround Animals Cow farts harming the planet British Broadcasting Corporation. Web. 30 Oct. 2009.Ladd, Brian. New Evidence Shows Landfills are Major Contributor to Global Warming. Ecocycle Times. Web. 07 Nov. 2009.We Can Make a Difference. United States Environmental Protection Agency. 23 Oct. 2006. Web. 30 Oct. 2009Key for Color Coding ( please usage fount touch non text highlight colour )The first beginning used as a percentage in the discourseA second beginning used as a new voice in the conversationThe 3rd voice in the conversationThe 4th voice in the conversationThe 5th voice in the conversationThe 6th voice in the conversationThe 7th voice in the conversationThe author s voice giving an illustration from his/her ain universe position on the subject, which is an of import portion of the conversation.A connexion sentence or sentences where author tells reader the connexion among the voices in the conversation replyin g these inquiries do they hold, differ, or does one widen the significance of the other?